Characterizations in a random record model with a non-identically distributed initial record

We consider a sequence of random length M of independent absolutely continuous observations Xi, 1 = i = M, where M is geometric, X1 has cdf G, and Xi, i = 2, have cdf F. Let N be the number of upper records and Rn, n = 1, be the nth record value. We show that N is free of F if and only if G(x) = G0(F (x)) for some cdf G0 and that if E (|X2|) is finite so is E |Rn|) for n = 2 whenever N = n or N = n. We prove that the distribution of N along with appropriately chosen subsequences of E(Rn) characterize F and G, and along with subsequences of E Rn - Rn-1) characterize F and G up to a common location shift. We discuss some applications to the identification of the wage offer distribution in job search models.Wages ; Labor mobility

Identification of search models with initial condition problems

This paper extends previous work on the identification of search models in which observed worker productivity is imperfectly observed. In particular, it establishes that these models remain identified even when employment histories are left-censored (i.e. we do not get to follow workers from their initial job out of unemployment), as well as when workers set different reservation wages from one another. We further show that allowing for heterogeneity in reservation can affect the empirical estimates we obtain, specifically estimates of the rate at which workers receive job offers.Labor mobility ; Wages

An autoregressive approach to house price modeling

A statistical model for predicting individual house prices and constructing a house price index is proposed utilizing information regarding sale price, time of sale and location (ZIP code). This model is composed of a fixed time effect and a random ZIP (postal) code effect combined with an autoregressive component. The former two components are applied to all home sales, while the latter is applied only to homes sold repeatedly. The time effect can be converted into a house price index. To evaluate the proposed model and the resulting index, single-family home sales for twenty US metropolitan areas from July 1985 through September 2004 are analyzed. The model is shown to have better predictive abilities than the benchmark S&P/Case--Shiller model, which is a repeat sales model, and a conventional mixed effects model. Finally, Los Angeles, CA, is used to illustrate a historical housing market downturn.Comment: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/10-AOAS380 the Annals of Applied Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aoas/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org

On Pseudo Projective Curvature Tensor in Sasakian Manifolds

We consider pseudo projective curvature tensor in Sasakian manifolds.We show that every pseudo projectively flat and pseudo projective semisymmetric Sasakian manifolds arelocally isomorphic to unit sphere. Next we show that in a Sasakian space time manifold with conservative pseudo projective curvature tensor the integral curves of the characteristic vector field are geodesics

Pharmacoeconomic study of antipsychotic drugs in India

Background: Schizophrenia is a disorder of relatively high point prevalence, low incidence and high disability. It accounts for nearly 1.5-3% of total national expenditure on health care. There is a gross variation in the cost of various branded and generic versions of antipsychotics available in India. This can lead to decreased patient compliance. The present study was undertaken to highlight this variation in the cost of various preparations of antipsychotics (branded and generic) available in India.Methods: Cost ratio and Percentage variation in cost of various antipsychotics available were calculated by standard formulae and analysed.Results: There is a very high variation in the cost of various antipsychotics available in India. The highest variation in cost ratio was seen with risperidone 2mg, 3mg and olanzapine 10mg, while the highest percentage cost variation was seen with risperidone 3mg, 4mg, 1mg; olanzapine 2.5mg, 5mg, 50mg, 100mg; levosulpiride 25mg and chlorpromazine 20mg. The lowest percentage cost variation was seen with Flupenthixol 3mg and Amisulpiride 300mg.Conclusions: There is a definite need to further strengthen the Drug Price Regulatory Mechanisms with regard to antipsychotics available in India in order to improve the patient compliance and thus cure rates of this burdensome and costly illness

Cost analysis study of price variation among the various brands of antiepileptics available in India

Background: One of the major cost that the patient has to bear during therapy is medication cost Different brands of the same mediations are available leading to considerable price variation. This can affect medication compliance by the patient. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the variation in costs of antiepileptic’s available in India.Methods: Cost of all antiepileptics (tablets/capsules) available in India was obtained from CIMS July to Oct 2016 and from IDR Vol XXII issue No 3, 2016. The percentage cos ratio and percentage variation in cost were calculated and compared.Results: The highest cost ratio and percentage price variation was found with carbamazepine 200mg (1:12 and 1100) followed by acetazolamide 250mg (1:11.38 and 1037.68). Other significant cost variations (>100%) were seen with carbamazepine 100mg, phenobarbital 30mg, divalproex sodium 25mg, lorazepam 1mg, clonazepam 1mg and valproic acid 500mg. Lowest percentage cost variation was seen with oxcarbazepine 450mg (1.09), lacosamide 50mg (2.56), pregabalin 50mg (3.51) and zonisamide 50mg (4.21).Conclusions: The Government of India regulates prices of essential drugs through Drug Price Control Order (DPCO) and this is implemented by National Pharmaceutical Pricing Policy (NPPA). However nearly 80% of medications donot fall into this category. This leads to considerable economic burden on poor patients. There is still considerable price difference among various brands of antiepileptic available in India. The Government of India should take a firm decision and implement them with regard to pricing of medications so as to make them more affordable, especially for diseases which require long term treatment such as epilepsy

Technology Integration (Task 20) Aeroservoelastic Modeling and Design Studies

The HSCT Flight Controls Group has developed longitudinal control laws, utilizing PTC aeroelastic flexible models to minimize aeroservoelastic interaction effects, for a number of flight conditions. The control law design process resulted in a higher order controller and utilized a large number of sensors distributed along the body for minimizing the flexibility effects. Processes were developed to implement these higher order control laws for performing the dynamic gust loads and flutter analyses. The processes and its validation were documented in Reference 2, for selected flight condition. The analytical results for additional flight conditions are presented in this document for further validation

Highly sensitive N-(1-naphthyl)ethylene diamine method for the spectrophotometric determination of trace amounts of nitrite in various water samples

A rapid, simple, sensitive and selective spectrophotometric determination of trace nitrite is described. The method is based on a diazotization-coupling reaction between dapsone and N-(1-naphthyl)ethylenediamine dihydrochloride (NEDA) in a hydrochloric acid medium. The molar absorptivity and Sandell's sensitivity were found to be 7.2x10(4) 1 mol(-1) cm(-1) and 0.00063 mug ml(-1), respectively. The calibration graph is linear for 0.002-0.6 mug ml(-1) of nitrite. The interference effects of various cations and anions were also studied and reported. This method has been found to be applicable to the determination of nitrite in various water samples

Ricci Solitons in f-Kenmotsu Manifolds and 3-dimensional Trans-Sasakian Manifolds

In the Present paper we study Ricci solitons in trans-sasakian manifolds. In particular we consider Ricci solitons in f -Kenmotsu manifolds and we prove the conditions for the Ricci solitons to be shrinking, steady and expanding.Key words: Ricci solitons; f -Kenmotsu; Trans-Sasakian; Shrinking; Steady; Expandin